Pregnancy commences with the process of implantation, where the fertilised egg attaches to the uterine lining. This event triggers the release of hHuman chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone that gradually increases in production during the initial stages of pregnancy.

The presence of hCG stimulates the production of another hormone called progesterone. Together, these two hormones contribute to the manifestation of early pregnancy symptoms.

Typically, implantation occurs a few days prior to the expected menstrual period. Consequently, hCG levels remain relatively low at the time when a woman anticipates her period. As a result, some women may not experience any symptoms or only perceive subtle indications, which they might attribute to other causes.

Among the most prevalent early pregnancy symptoms are feelings of nausea and vomiting. Many expectant mothers observe that these symptoms intensify when they are hungry or have low blood sugar. Therefore, women who notice episodes of nausea between meals or upon waking up famished might be pregnant.

However, pregnancy encompasses a range of additional symptoms beyond the early stages. It is advisable to schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider to confirm your pregnancy. Consultation with an OB/GYN and seeking medical advice will allow you to commence your prenatal plan. Additionally, there are several other common early pregnancy symptoms, such as:

Delayed menstrual cycle: If you are of reproductive age and have gone a week or more without the onset of your expected menstrual cycle, it could indicate a missed period. While this can be a sign of pregnancy, it can also be misleading if you have an irregular menstrual cycle.

Changes in breasts: During the early stages of pregnancy, hormonal fluctuations can cause tenderness and swelling in your breasts. This discomfort is likely to subside after a few weeks as your body adapts to these hormonal changes.

Nausea: Morning sickness, characterised by feelings of nausea with or without vomiting, typically starts around one to two months after pregnancy begins. However, it can occur at any time of the day. It's important to note that not all women experience this symptom, and for some, it may occur earlier or not at all. While the exact cause of pregnancy-related nausea remains uncertain, hormonal changes during pregnancy are believed to be a contributing factor.

Frequent urination: It is common to experience an increase in urination during pregnancy. This is because the volume of blood in your body expands, leading your kidneys to process additional fluid that eventually finds its way into your bladder. As a result, you may find yourself needing to urinate more often than usual.

Fatigue: Fatigue is a prevalent early symptom of pregnancy. The exact cause of sleepiness during the first trimester is not fully understood. However, it is believed that the rapid increase in progesterone hormone levels during early pregnancy may play a role in contributing to feelings of fatigue.

Bloating: Hormonal shifts in the early stages of pregnancy can lead to a sensation of bloating, similar to the feeling experienced at the onset of a menstrual period.

Constipation: Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy can result in a slowdown of your digestive system, potentially leading to constipation.

Mood swings: Hormonal changes during pregnancy are to blame for the mood swings you may experience. As early as four weeks into your pregnancy, you might feel a mix of highs and lows, with moments of anxiety or sadness. These mood swings are not only caused by hormonal fluctuations but also the significant life changes that pregnancy brings. It's completely normal for your moods to be erratic during this time. 

Food cravings: Food cravings are a frequent occurrence during pregnancy. These cravings can encompass a wide range of foods, with a particular preference for sweet, salty, and fatty options. The increased hormone levels experienced during pregnancy are typically responsible for these cravings.

Increase in vaginal discharge: Heightened vaginal discharge is a prevalent symptom experienced during pregnancy. This increase in discharge is attributed to the greater blood flow to the vaginal area. While it can happen at any stage of pregnancy, it is most frequently observed during the first and third trimesters.

Conclusion

The journey of pregnancy is a time of profound change, both physically and emotionally. If you are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above, it is important to see a doctor to confirm your pregnancy. This early visit will ensure that you receive optimal care right from the beginning. If you are indeed expecting a baby, congratulations! You are about to embark on a remarkable journey of a lifetime.