||GLOSSARY||
Sep 04, 2024, 14:28 IST
Commonly Used Medical Aesthetics Terms
A
Ablative Laser Therapy - Removal of the top layer of skin, and heating the underlying skin which stimulates the growth of collagen and repairs the skin texture.
Acanthosis Nigricans - A skin pigmentation disorder in which dark patches appear on the neck, armpits and groin area.
Acetylcholine - An organic chemical that plays an important role in brain and muscle function.
Addisson’s Disease - A condition in which the adrenal glands don't produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone.
Aesthetics - Aesthetics or esthetics, refers to the application of various procedures and techniques in order to enhance the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin on the body. It focuses on altering and enhancing the cosmetic appearance of a person through various advanced treatments and procedures. It can include cosmetology services but specifically excludes any treatment or therapy that needs a medical aesthetics license to practice.
Aesthetician - Is a cosmetic professional who focuses specifically on the skin and hair, and has specialized knowledge on how to improve its appearance.
Aesthetic Surgery - Proven aesthetic treatments and procedures are performed by plastic surgeons, doctors and facial plastic surgeons to treat and improve the aesthetic appearance of the body, face, hair and skin.
AirSculpt Smooth - A fat-removal procedure targeted to remove fat and cellulite on the buttocks, stomach, hips and thighs.
Allergen - A substance that causes an allergic reaction to pollen, dust mites, and molds.
Alopecia Areata - An autoimmune condition which attacks hair follicles and causes hair loss.
Alopecia Totalis - An autoimmune condition of complete hair loss of the scalp.
Alopecia Universalis - An autoimmune condition of hair loss on the scalp and the body.
Alpha Hydroxy Acid (AHA) - A group of acid compounds, most often derived from plant-based sources which help in smoothing fine lines and surface wrinkles, improving skin texture.
Anaesthetic - Temporary loss of sensation or awareness during tests and surgical operations.
Anaesthetic Cream - Skin-numbing creams to reduce sensitivity to pain in the areas they are applied.
Androgenic Alopecia - A typical hair loss condition or disorder, occurs on the top and front of the head.
Androgens - A group of hormones that regulates growth and development of the male characteristics and reproductive system.
Anthralin - A natural substance used to treat psoriasis.
Antibacterial - A substance that kills bacteria and protects the body against diseases.
Antiperspirant - First line of treatment to reduce body odour, includes powder, creams, roll-ons, sprays and deodorants.
Antioxidants - A substance that prevents oxidation, especially used in order to prevent the deterioration of stored food products. Generally vegetables and fruits are rich sources of antioxidants that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage. Antioxidant supplements are readily available, but these are not a replacement for a healthy diet or natural substances.
Antioxidant Boost - Antioxidant supplements that strengthen one's ability to fight infection and disease.
Apocrine Glands - Sweat glands that develop in areas with many hair follicles.
Apoptosis - A natural biological process that allows cells to self-destruct in order to maintain a healthy body.
Arbutin - A skin whitening cosmetic ingredient which evens out and brightens skin tone.
Asthma - A chronic lung disease airways become narrow and swollen and are blocked by excess mucus which cause breathing problems.
Atopy - A weak immune condition which leads to allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis.
Autoimmune Disorders - An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's immune system attacks and destroys healthy body tissue by mistake. Also known as Lupus/ autoimmune diseases.
Autologous Fat Injections (Fat Grafting) - Is a surgical process of transferring fat from one part of the body to another.
Azelaic Acid - A naturally occurring acid found in whole grain cereals, rye, barley and animal products, used to treat a certain skin condition called rosacea.
B
Beta Hydroxy Acid (BHA) - Mild acids commonly used in skincare products, especially those designed to treat acne.
Bioavailability - In pharmacology, bioavailability is defined as a process in which absorption of an administered drug reaches the bloodstream or systemic circulation.
Blackheads - A clogged hair follicle in the skin due to excess oil collected in the follicle's opening. They appear as tiny black dots/ bumps on the skin.
Body Contouring - It is a procedure to remove or reduce excess skin, tighten loose skin and fat around different parts of the body and enhance or tone them significantly.
Botox - A medicine (produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum) that is injected into muscles to reduce skin wrinkles and relax muscles.
Botulinum Toxin - A neurotoxic protein commercially used for medical and cosmetic purposes and also to treat muscle spasms.
Breast Augmentation - Also known as augmentation mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure or implant to enhance the size, shape and fullness of the breast by inserting saline or silicone implants.
Breast Lift - AKA mastopexy, reinvigorates, uplifts, tightens and reshapes sagging breasts.
Breast Reconstruction - To rebuild the shape and physical form of the breast after mastectomy or lumpectomy surgery. Usually performed through implants, the body's own tissue or through a separate combination of surgical methods.
Brow Lift - Removal of flabby skin on the forehead, upper eyelids and eyebrows via cosmetic procedure. Also, termed as forehead lift, aims at reducing wrinkles and fine frown lines.
C
Calcium Hydroxylapatite (CaHA) - Dermal fillers extensively used for the correction of facial lines and folds.
Cannula - A small tube for insertion into a body cavity, such as their nose, or into a vein.
Cantharidin - Cantharidin solutions that are used to treat warts and it is a painless procedure.
Carboxy Therapy - Purified carbon dioxide is used to reduce cellulite, stretch marks and dark under-eye circles.
Cauterisation - It is a kind of electrosurgery to remove warts.
Cellulite - Lumpy and dimpled flesh on the thighs, hips, buttocks and abdomen due fat underneath the skin.
Chemical Peel - A chemical peel, also known as chemexfoliation or derma peeling, application of chemical solution to improve the outer layer of the skin, thus reducing wrinkles, scars, fine lines, age and dark spots/patches.
Chin Enhancement - A chin implant used to improve facial aesthetics/ improvement of the bone contour of the chin area, enhancing the jawline. The cosmetic procedure is alternatively known as chin augmentation, or genioplasty.
Citric Acid - A common ingredient in most skin care products to unclog pores and remove dead skin cells.
Cleft Palate - A birth defect in which a baby's palate (roof of the mouth) doesn't form completely during foetal development.
Clostridium Botulinum - A rare but serious illness caused by a toxin which attacks the body's nerves.
CO2 Laser - Carbon dioxide laser beams penetrate the top skin layers and treat skin conditions, such as acne scars, fine lines and wrinkles, and aging skin.
Collagen - Protein molecules made up of amino acids, plays a primary role in the structure and function of skin, cartilage, bones, and connective tissue.
Comedones - Type of acne which happens when hair follicles get blocked due to excess oil and dead skin cells.
Compression Dressing - A dressing process where a firm and stretchable cloth is wrapped around a sprain or an affected area to apply gentle pressure. At times, also used to improve vein circulation in legs and treat swelling.
Congenital Conditions - A birth defect or abnormalities of the body that is present before or at birth.
Connective Tissue - A group of tissues in the body protects, and maintains the form of the body tissues and organs.
Contraindications - A medical condition in which certain drugs and surgeries are not prescribed or advised to a person because of a serious adverse reaction.
Corticosteroid - Often known as steroids and used to treat asthma, allergies, and eczema and many other conditions.
Cosmetic Camouflage - Application of make-up products to conceal a discoloration, blemish or scar.
Counterintuitive - A chemical-free skincare routine.
Cryolipolysis - A non surgical fat reduction procedure in which cooling technology is used to break down body fat. This process is also known as CoolSculpting.
Cryosurgery - The use of extreme cold in surgery to destroy tumors. It can help treat skin cancer, prostate cancer.
Cryotherapy - A dermatologic procedure in which extreme cold therapy is used to freeze and remove abnormal tissue, including warts and skin tags.
CTM - A natural skincare routine consisting of cleansing, toning and moisturising. It forms the base for clear, radiant and glowing skin.
Curettage - A surgical process to remove warts with a scalpel, scissors or curettage.
Cystic Acne - A severe form of acne in which pus-filled pimples form deep under the skin.
Cysts - Small, fluid-filled, abnormal growth or sacs that can develop in any part of the body.
D
Dental Abscesses - A pocket of pus that forms inside the teeth or gums due to a bacterial infection.
Dermabrasion - An exfoliating surgical procedure that uses a rotating instrument to remove the outer layers of skin, usually on the face to treat fine lines, sun damaged skin, acne scars, and uneven skin tone.
Dermal Filler - Dermal or sometimes called soft injectable fillers, are gel-like substances that are injected to have smooth skin and fuller appearance in the face.
Dermatitis - A specific term used to describe skin inflammation or irritation.
Dermatologist - A medical practitioner who specialises in treating skin, hair and nail related diseases, addressing cosmetic concerns.
Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra (DPN) - Black or dark brown papules (bumps or growth) on the face and neck.
Derma Rollers - An instrument used for improving pigmentation issues and improving the surface of the skin.
Dermis - It is the middle layer of skin, beneath the epidermis and above the subcutaneous layer.
Desquamation Process - Commonly known as skin peeling is the natural process in which the top layer (outermost membrane) of the skin peels to replace itself.
Down Syndrome - A genetic chromosome disorder causing developmental and intellectual delays in a person.
Dysport - An injection used for facial wrinkles and other conditions.
E
Eccrine Glands - Sweat glands, which is controlled by the nervous system and regulates body temperature.
Eczema - A condition (also known as Atopic dermatitis) in which the skin becomes extremely itchy, dry, rough, flaky, and irritated.
Elastin - It is a critical extracellular matrix skin protein which provides stretch, recoil, and elasticity to the skin.
Electrosurgery - A procedure to remove a wart using heat from electricity.
Emollient - A substance that helps soothe dry, rough, flakey skin.
Endocrine Disorder - Hormone levels are too high or too low, gland produces too much or too little of an endocrine hormone.
Energy-Based Therapy - Healing techniques that treat the mind and body using light, sound, and magnets.
Epidermis - The outermost layer of skin on your body.
Estrogen - A group of female hormones that play an important role in the characteristics and reproductive development of women. There are three types of estrogen: estrone, estradiol, and estriol.
Excision - A surgical procedure used to remove suspicious growths, such as moles, lesions, tumors, and lumps from the skin.
F
Facial Osmosis - A collagen production facial technique that targets specific skin conditions such as acne, ageing and rosacea.
Fatty Acids - These are directly from food sources and help regulate the immune system and central nervous system of the body.
Filiform Warts - Small, long and narrow warts usually located on the eyelids, face, neck, or lips.
Flaccid Paralysis - A neurological condition causing weakness or paralysis in older patients.
Free Radicals - Free radicals are formed naturally in the body as oxygen-containing molecules with an irregular combination of electrons that can damage cells, causing illness and ageing.
FUE (Follicular Unit Extraction) - A hair restoration process also known as a hair transplant.
G
Glabellar Lines - These are horizontal indentation lines that stretch across the forehead.
Gluteal Fold or Banana Fold - A prominent fold separating the thighs from the buttock.
Glycine, L-cysteine, and L-glutamate - Three types of amino acids, work as powerful antioxidants and promote detoxification of the body.
Glycolic Acid - A type of alpha hydroxy acid that exfoliates the skin by dissolving dead skin cells and oil.
H
Haemangiomas - A collection of small blood vessels that form a lump under the skin, commonly seen in infants.
Hair Transplant - Process of restoring or moving hair to a bald or scanty area of head. Usually hair from the back or side of the head is moved to the top or front of the head through a surgical procedure.
Hay Fever - An allergic reaction to pollens, dust mites which may cause sneezing, watery and itchy eyes.
Hemochromatosis - A disorder where the body absorbs or stores too much iron.
HIFU - A high-intensity focused ultrasound aesthetic medical treatment, which is used for skin tightening and improves skin laxity and sagging. It also helps in stimulating new collagen formation.
High Glycemic Index - A health condition in which foods containing carbohydrates increase blood sugar levels.
Hirsutism - A condition in women in which coarse hair grows on their face, neck, chest, tummy, lower back, buttocks or thighs.
Hives - A skin reaction that causes severe skin rash because of foods, medication, climate change and stress.
Hormonal Changes - A condition in which hormones rise and drop below normal levels in the body. Common symptoms include mood swings, excess weight gain and skin issues.
Human Papillomavirus - A common virus that affects different parts of the body, particularly the reproductive tract.
Humectant - A moisturising agent commonly found in body moisturisers, hair products, and cosmetics.
Hyaluronic Acid - A naturally occurring substance in the body, serves as a cushion and natural lubricant in the joints and other tissues. Nowadays, hyaluronic acid comes in injectable form and is used for medical and cosmetic purposes.
Hydroquinone - A skin-lightening chemical used in the treatment of hyperpigmentation and other skin discolouration.
Hydroxy Acid - Also known as Alpha-hydroxy acid (AHAs), a group of plant and animal-derived acids widely used in cosmetics and skincare products.
Hyperhidrosis - A common condition in which a person sweats excessively but not because of body heat or exercise.
Hyperhidrosis Plantar - Excessive sweating on palms and soles.
Hyperpigmentation - Darkening of skin or nails due to excessive melanin production in or any other medical condition.
Hypertension - A cardiovascular condition in which the blood pressure is too high.
Hyperthyroidism - Also called overactive thyroid is when thyroid gland produces too much thyroxine hormones than the body actually needs.
Hypertrophic - Hypertrophic scars which appear after deep skin injury, surgical procedure or burns.
Hypopigmentation - Also known as Vitiligo. A loss of skin colour due to genetics in which patches of skin become lighter than the overall skin tone.
I
Immunosuppressants - Drugs that suppress, or reduce, the strength of the body's immune system.
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) - A growth hormone that helps promote normal bone and tissue growth.
Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) - A non-invasive and flash-lamp therapy treatment to improve skin texture and remove unwanted hair.
K
Keloid - An enlarged, overgrown, raised and lumpy scar which can be pink, red, skin-coloured or darker, it normally occurs where the skin has healed after an injury.
Keratin - It is a type of protective protein that maintains the overall structure and well being of hair, nails and skin. Nowadays Keratin supplements, products and treatments are widely used to make the skin and hair look healthier.
Keratinocytes Fibroblasts - Keratinocytes (EK) and Dermal Fibroblasts (DF) are the main cellular components of the epidermis and dermis that help attach the skin to the bone and muscle below. These are critical for skin repair after an injury.
Kojic Acid - A bleaching chemical that lightens the skin and reduces sun damage and scars.
Kybella - An injectable treatment which targets fat cells beneath the chin, thus reducing the appearance of a double chin.
L
Lactic Acid - It is mainly produced in muscle cells and red blood cells and forms when the body breaks carbohydrates and uses it in the form of energy during intense workout.
Laser Hair Removal - A hair reduction or removal process to remove unwanted hair on the face and body.
Laser Lipolysis - A type of cosmetic surgery to remove fat from under the skin.
Laser Skin Resurfacing - A laser beam skin treatment to improve the damaged outer layer of the skin (epidermis).
Laser Treatment - Usage of special light beams instead of instruments for surgical procedures.
Lateral Canthal Lines - These are also called crow’s feet or smile lines that occur as dynamic wrinkles due to muscle contraction at the lateral or temporal sides of the eyes.
Laxity - A natural aging process in which the skin loses its firmness and structure and starts to sag. Mostly due to loss of collagen, elastin fibers, and hyaluronic acid.
Linoleic Acid - It is a polyunsaturated essential fatty acid found in vegetable oil, nuts, and seeds.
Lipids - They are the structural component of the cell membranes and provide energy and produce hormones in the body.
Lipolytic Injections - A non-surgical fat reduction procedure. It involves a series of micro-injections aimed at destroying fat cells.
Low-Level Laser Therapy - A form of laser medicine in which low-level lasers are used as a physical therapy to treat pain, inflammation and stimulate healing.
Lymphatics - Blood vessels and nodes that manage fluid levels in the body. It is part of the immune system.
Lymphatic Massage - A type of massage therapy that may help to relieve swelling that occurs or illness that blocks the lymphatic system.
Lymphatic System - The system keeps body fluid levels in balance and defends the body against infections and strengthens the immune system. It is a network of organs, lymph nodes, lymph ducts, and lymph vessels.
M
Mandelic Acid - A type of gentle alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) helps reduce acne, fine lines, and wrinkles, best suited for sensitive skin.
Mechanical Exfoliants - Physical devices used to exfoliate the skin mechanically and remove damaged and dead cells.
Medi-Facials - These are specific and customised facials consisting of advanced technology and scientific ingredients. They are different from the usual salon facials and one needs to reach out to a dermatologist to find the most suited facial treatment as per their skin tone.
Melanin - It is a natural skin pigment found in hair, skin, and eye colour.
Melanocytes - Melanin-producing cells located at the deepest part of the epidermis skin layer.
Melasma - A common skin or pigmentation disorder in which brown or grey-brown patches appear on the face. This is predominantly found in women mainly due to hormonal changes, pregnancy or sun exposure.
Menopause - This phase occurs when a woman stops menstruating, it's a natural biological process, which marks the end of female reproduction. It can happen in the mid 40s or early 50s. Females experience symptoms such as hot flashes, low sex drive, night sweats, vaginal dryness and moodiness.
Mesotherapy - Also known as biorejuvenation or biorevitalization, Mestotherapy is a non-surgical technique to tighten the skin with the use of transdermal injections containing vitamins, enzymes, hormones and plant extracts of the epidermis skin layer.
Metabolic Disorders - Genetic conditions in which the metabolism process in the body fails or drops drastically, leading to nutritional deficiencies.
Micellar Water - A skincare product that helps remove makeup, cleans and tones the skin.
Microcrystal - An exfoliation process which improves microcirculation of the skin and accelerates the synthesis of collagen and elastin.
Microdermabrasion - A minimal non-invasive cosmetic procedure to treat uneven skin texture and signs of aging.
Microneedling - A minimally invasive cosmetic procedure and skin treatment that is used to heal skin scars and marks. Also known as collagen stimulation therapy, this treatment includes usage of miniature, sterilised needles into the skin.
Microneedling Radiofrequency - A minimally invasive treatment to reduce the appearance of wrinkles, scarring, and sagging skin.
Minoxidil - A solution applied to stimulate hair growth and treat hair loss-related problems.
Mosaic-Type Plantar - Clusters of warts that mostly develop on the bottoms of the feet.
Myrmecia-Type Plantar - Deep and painful plantar warts caused by the human papillomavirus.
N
Nano Infusion - A nano-needling facial in the skin to infuse serum.
Nanoneedles - The nanoneedles are made from biodegradable silicons that are able to penetrate the plasma membrane with minimal disruption of normal cellular functions.
Nasolabial Folds - Also known as indentation lines, folds or creases located on either side of the mouth’s outer side corners.
Nd:YAG - Nd:YAG or the neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser is a non-ablative laser that treats skin, eye, nail disorders, vascular conditions or diseases, also advised to people who require permanent hair and tattoo removal.
Neuromodulator - A messenger released from a neuron that affects the transmission of the signals between neurons.
Neurotoxins - A natural occurring substance that can be destructive to the central or peripheral nervous system.
Neurotransmitter - A chemical messenger released by neurons to transmit messages from nerve cells to target cells. These neurons communicate with each other throughout the body.
Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine - The most common neurotransmitter that functions in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It plays an important role in brain and muscle function.
Niacinamide - Also known as nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B-3 found in supplements, skin-care products, an essential nutrient to help build proteins in the skin.
Nitrates - It works by relaxing and dilating veins and arteries, and helps in treating Angina, a type of chest pain.
Non-Comedogenic - Skincare and makeup products that do not clog or block pores of the skin.
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) - Drugs that are used to treat pain, and reduce inflammation in the body.
Nutraceuticals - Functional foods, fortified foods or dietary supplements that provide health benefits. These are often sold or merchandised through wellness and traditional medicine industries.
O
Oleic Acid - A fatty acid that occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils.
P
Palmitic Acid - A saturated fatty acid found in the principal constituent of refined palm oil and some animal products like meat and dairy.
PCOS - Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal imbalance mostly found in women during their reproductive years. The common symptoms include irregular menstrual cycle, excess body hair growth, acne, infertility, high testosterone levels, excess pigmentation and weight gain.
PDO Threads - Polydioxanone threads is a skin tightening and facial rejuvenation technique, while also encouraging collagen production in the treated areas. Dissolvable sutures are used in this treatment to tighten the sagging skin.
Perimenopause - Also known as menopause transition, it's a process when the body starts transitioning towards menopause and produces less estrogen, a female hormone produced by the ovaries. This phase may last for months or years, they vary from case to case basis. Common symptoms include mood swings, hot flashes, sleep disturbances and irregular periods.
Pernio - Also known as chilblains or perniosis, it is a cold-induced condition which leads to small patches of inflamed skin after exposure to very cold temperatures.
Phenol - A type of chemical peel to address severe sun damage, wrinkles, fine lines, freckles, discoloration and acne scars.
Photo Damaged - Skin damage due to over exposure to harmful UV rays.
Photochemotherapy - A type of ultraviolet radiation therapy used to treat severe skin diseases.
Photofacial - A light-based skin technology treatment to improve the texture of the skin and treat sun damage, rosacea, hyperpigmentation, and more.
Photoprotective - Preventive measures taken to avoid excess sunlight/UV exposure. Basically use of sun-protective products to protect the skin from the harmful UV rays.
Photorejuvenation - A skin treatment that uses lasers, intense pulsed light (IPL) or photodynamic therapy to reduce and treat rosacea, fine lines and wrinkles, sun damage, large pores, pigmentation, and age spots.
Pigmentation - It occurs due to excess generation of melanin by the skin, which impacts the colour of the skin, making it look darker and uneven.
Plantar - An inflammation which causes pain in the bottom of the heels.
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Treatment For Hair Loss - A medical treatment in which platelet-rich plasma is injected into the scalp to push natural hair growth and enhance blood supply to the hair follicles. This treatment usually requires 4 to 6 weeks.
Poly-L-lactic Acid - Dermal fillers injected into the face to stimulate collagen formation.
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) - Injectable fillers to treat nasolabial folds, and smile lines.
Polyphenol - A compound containing more than one phenolic hydroxyl group. These compounds are found in many plant foods that include flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes.
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation - Also known as hypermelanosis, in which brown or black spots occur on the skin.
Postmenopause - It is defined as the phase after the menopause, when the period stops completely for a year. At this stage, the menopausal symptoms gradually disappear over a period of time.
Precancerous - Abnormal cells that show abnormal changes in the body but have not developed into complete cancer cells. It is a very treatable condition.
Progesterone - It is a hormone produced by a woman's ovaries and plays an important role in maintaining pregnancy and regulating the monthly menstrual cycle.
Pulsed-Dye Laser - A laser light treatment that targets blood vessels and helps treat Vascular lesions, and remove birthmarks.
Pustules - Small bumps, pimples on the skin that contain fluid or pus.
Q
Q-Switched YAG (QSY) Lasers - A skin laser treatment process which removes pigmentation, tattoos, and improves skin tone and texture.
R
Radiofrequency - Electromagnetic radio waves used to treat skin laxity, wrinkles, and acnes.
Raynaud’s Disease - The fingers and toes become extremely numb due to cold temperatures or stress.
Red Light Therapy - In this procedure, red low-level wavelengths of light is used to wrinkles, redness, acne, scars and other signs of ageing.
Retinoic Acid - Used to prevent and treat photoaged skin and psoriasis, it is produced from vitamin A (retinol).
Retinoids - These are chemical compounds derived from vitamin A and are used in the treatment of skin ageing.
Retinol Rash - An allergic reaction to retinol in which the skin turns red, irritated, flaky and dry.
Rosacea - A long-term inflammatory skin condition that causes red skin and rash and affects facial skin. Other symptoms include flushing, visible blood vessels and thickened skin.
S
Salicylic Acid - A keratolytic medication, used to reduce and treat skin disorders, such as acne, dandruff, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis of the skin and hair scalp.
Scalpel - A surgical instrument used to remove warts.
Sclerotherapy - It is a form of treatment wherein medicine is injected into blood vessels or lymph vessels that causes them to shrink. It effectively treats or eliminates varicose and spider veins.
Sebaceous Cells - Exocrine glands in the skin that produce an oily or waxy substance called Sebum. These glands are normally found on the face, scalp, chest, and back.
Sebaceous Nevi - A congenital skin lesion that usually appears on the scalp and very rarely on the skin.
Sebum - An oily substance secreted from the sebaceous glands in the skin.
Skin Cancer - Growth of abnormal cells in the epidermis, the outer layer of skin. Most likely it happens due to skin being exposed to the sun.
Skin Retraction - Loose and sagging skin that will not retract after a cosmetic procedure.
Soy And Licorice Extracts - Herbal supplements which helps improve hyperpigmentation.
Stearic Acid - One of the most common fatty acids found in various plants and animal fats.
Subcutaneous - Insertion of medications through injections beneath the skin, into the fatty tissues. Mainly insulin for diabetics, blood thinners, and fertility drugs. This is done by pinching the fatty area about 2-inches thick in between the thumb and a finger.
Sunburn - Skin damage due to overexposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun. Skin can become red, swollen and sometimes painful.
Superficial Radiation - A beam of low-energy x-rays used to treat non-melanoma skin cancers. In this process, the radiation doesn't travel far into the body, just close to the skin surface.
T
Tartaric Acid - It works both as an antioxidant and alpha hydroxy acid and is used to reduce fine lines and wrinkles, and visible signs of ageing.
Testosterone - It is an androgen which plays a key role in the development of male reproductive system.
Thread Veins - Blue, purple, or red blood vessels that are clearly visible through the skin.
Titanium Oxide - An inorganic chemical compound of titanium and oxygen, which is commonly used in cosmetics, sunscreens.
Trichloroacetic - Trichloroacetic acid is an analogue of acetic acid effectively used for treating wrinkles and deep blemishes.
Tripeptide - A peptide derived from three amino acid molecules joined together by two or at times three peptide bonds.
U
Ultherapy - A non-surgical cosmetic treatment used to tighten the skin of the face and neck.
Ultrasound In Radiofrequency - A safe and effective cosmetic treatment modality for body contouring.
V
Vacuum Suction - Also known as cupping, it is a non-invasive treatment to reduce fat, and relax the muscles.
Vampire Facial - A micro needling cosmetic procedure using platelet rich plasma to heal and repair, treating all types of skin issues.
Vascular Lesions - Patches of blood vessels (usually seen as bluish or red) that have ruptured under the skin - spider veins, port wine stains, hemangiomas and broken capillaries, more commonly known as birthmarks.
W
Wave Therapy - A safe treatment for men to treat erectile dysfunction.
Whiteheads - A type of acne or small white bumps that appear when pores become clogged with excess oil, bacteria, and dead skin cells.
X
Xeomin - A prescribed injection or botox used to improve wrinkles and frown lines.
Z
Zinc Oxide - Inorganic compound also known as Calamine or Zinc White used to treat or prevent minor skin irritations.
Ablative Laser Therapy - Removal of the top layer of skin, and heating the underlying skin which stimulates the growth of collagen and repairs the skin texture.
Acanthosis Nigricans - A skin pigmentation disorder in which dark patches appear on the neck, armpits and groin area.
Acetylcholine - An organic chemical that plays an important role in brain and muscle function.
Addisson’s Disease - A condition in which the adrenal glands don't produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone.
Aesthetics - Aesthetics or esthetics, refers to the application of various procedures and techniques in order to enhance the epidermis, the outermost layer of skin on the body. It focuses on altering and enhancing the cosmetic appearance of a person through various advanced treatments and procedures. It can include cosmetology services but specifically excludes any treatment or therapy that needs a medical aesthetics license to practice.
Aesthetician - Is a cosmetic professional who focuses specifically on the skin and hair, and has specialized knowledge on how to improve its appearance.
Aesthetic Surgery - Proven aesthetic treatments and procedures are performed by plastic surgeons, doctors and facial plastic surgeons to treat and improve the aesthetic appearance of the body, face, hair and skin.
AirSculpt Smooth - A fat-removal procedure targeted to remove fat and cellulite on the buttocks, stomach, hips and thighs.
Allergen - A substance that causes an allergic reaction to pollen, dust mites, and molds.
Alopecia Areata - An autoimmune condition which attacks hair follicles and causes hair loss.
Alopecia Totalis - An autoimmune condition of complete hair loss of the scalp.
Alopecia Universalis - An autoimmune condition of hair loss on the scalp and the body.
Alpha Hydroxy Acid (AHA) - A group of acid compounds, most often derived from plant-based sources which help in smoothing fine lines and surface wrinkles, improving skin texture.
Anaesthetic - Temporary loss of sensation or awareness during tests and surgical operations.
Anaesthetic Cream - Skin-numbing creams to reduce sensitivity to pain in the areas they are applied.
Androgenic Alopecia - A typical hair loss condition or disorder, occurs on the top and front of the head.
Androgens - A group of hormones that regulates growth and development of the male characteristics and reproductive system.
Anthralin - A natural substance used to treat psoriasis.
Antibacterial - A substance that kills bacteria and protects the body against diseases.
Antiperspirant - First line of treatment to reduce body odour, includes powder, creams, roll-ons, sprays and deodorants.
Antioxidants - A substance that prevents oxidation, especially used in order to prevent the deterioration of stored food products. Generally vegetables and fruits are rich sources of antioxidants that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage. Antioxidant supplements are readily available, but these are not a replacement for a healthy diet or natural substances.
Antioxidant Boost - Antioxidant supplements that strengthen one's ability to fight infection and disease.
Apocrine Glands - Sweat glands that develop in areas with many hair follicles.
Apoptosis - A natural biological process that allows cells to self-destruct in order to maintain a healthy body.
Arbutin - A skin whitening cosmetic ingredient which evens out and brightens skin tone.
Asthma - A chronic lung disease airways become narrow and swollen and are blocked by excess mucus which cause breathing problems.
Atopy - A weak immune condition which leads to allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma and atopic dermatitis.
Autoimmune Disorders - An autoimmune disorder occurs when the body's immune system attacks and destroys healthy body tissue by mistake. Also known as Lupus/ autoimmune diseases.
Autologous Fat Injections (Fat Grafting) - Is a surgical process of transferring fat from one part of the body to another.
Azelaic Acid - A naturally occurring acid found in whole grain cereals, rye, barley and animal products, used to treat a certain skin condition called rosacea.
B
Beta Hydroxy Acid (BHA) - Mild acids commonly used in skincare products, especially those designed to treat acne.
Bioavailability - In pharmacology, bioavailability is defined as a process in which absorption of an administered drug reaches the bloodstream or systemic circulation.
Blackheads - A clogged hair follicle in the skin due to excess oil collected in the follicle's opening. They appear as tiny black dots/ bumps on the skin.
Body Contouring - It is a procedure to remove or reduce excess skin, tighten loose skin and fat around different parts of the body and enhance or tone them significantly.
Botox - A medicine (produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum) that is injected into muscles to reduce skin wrinkles and relax muscles.
Botulinum Toxin - A neurotoxic protein commercially used for medical and cosmetic purposes and also to treat muscle spasms.
Breast Augmentation - Also known as augmentation mammoplasty, is a surgical procedure or implant to enhance the size, shape and fullness of the breast by inserting saline or silicone implants.
Breast Lift - AKA mastopexy, reinvigorates, uplifts, tightens and reshapes sagging breasts.
Breast Reconstruction - To rebuild the shape and physical form of the breast after mastectomy or lumpectomy surgery. Usually performed through implants, the body's own tissue or through a separate combination of surgical methods.
Brow Lift - Removal of flabby skin on the forehead, upper eyelids and eyebrows via cosmetic procedure. Also, termed as forehead lift, aims at reducing wrinkles and fine frown lines.
C
Calcium Hydroxylapatite (CaHA) - Dermal fillers extensively used for the correction of facial lines and folds.
Cannula - A small tube for insertion into a body cavity, such as their nose, or into a vein.
Cantharidin - Cantharidin solutions that are used to treat warts and it is a painless procedure.
Carboxy Therapy - Purified carbon dioxide is used to reduce cellulite, stretch marks and dark under-eye circles.
Cauterisation - It is a kind of electrosurgery to remove warts.
Cellulite - Lumpy and dimpled flesh on the thighs, hips, buttocks and abdomen due fat underneath the skin.
Chemical Peel - A chemical peel, also known as chemexfoliation or derma peeling, application of chemical solution to improve the outer layer of the skin, thus reducing wrinkles, scars, fine lines, age and dark spots/patches.
Chin Enhancement - A chin implant used to improve facial aesthetics/ improvement of the bone contour of the chin area, enhancing the jawline. The cosmetic procedure is alternatively known as chin augmentation, or genioplasty.
Citric Acid - A common ingredient in most skin care products to unclog pores and remove dead skin cells.
Cleft Palate - A birth defect in which a baby's palate (roof of the mouth) doesn't form completely during foetal development.
Clostridium Botulinum - A rare but serious illness caused by a toxin which attacks the body's nerves.
CO2 Laser - Carbon dioxide laser beams penetrate the top skin layers and treat skin conditions, such as acne scars, fine lines and wrinkles, and aging skin.
Collagen - Protein molecules made up of amino acids, plays a primary role in the structure and function of skin, cartilage, bones, and connective tissue.
Comedones - Type of acne which happens when hair follicles get blocked due to excess oil and dead skin cells.
Compression Dressing - A dressing process where a firm and stretchable cloth is wrapped around a sprain or an affected area to apply gentle pressure. At times, also used to improve vein circulation in legs and treat swelling.
Congenital Conditions - A birth defect or abnormalities of the body that is present before or at birth.
Connective Tissue - A group of tissues in the body protects, and maintains the form of the body tissues and organs.
Contraindications - A medical condition in which certain drugs and surgeries are not prescribed or advised to a person because of a serious adverse reaction.
Corticosteroid - Often known as steroids and used to treat asthma, allergies, and eczema and many other conditions.
Cosmetic Camouflage - Application of make-up products to conceal a discoloration, blemish or scar.
Counterintuitive - A chemical-free skincare routine.
Cryolipolysis - A non surgical fat reduction procedure in which cooling technology is used to break down body fat. This process is also known as CoolSculpting.
Cryosurgery - The use of extreme cold in surgery to destroy tumors. It can help treat skin cancer, prostate cancer.
Cryotherapy - A dermatologic procedure in which extreme cold therapy is used to freeze and remove abnormal tissue, including warts and skin tags.
CTM - A natural skincare routine consisting of cleansing, toning and moisturising. It forms the base for clear, radiant and glowing skin.
Curettage - A surgical process to remove warts with a scalpel, scissors or curettage.
Cystic Acne - A severe form of acne in which pus-filled pimples form deep under the skin.
Cysts - Small, fluid-filled, abnormal growth or sacs that can develop in any part of the body.
D
Dental Abscesses - A pocket of pus that forms inside the teeth or gums due to a bacterial infection.
Dermabrasion - An exfoliating surgical procedure that uses a rotating instrument to remove the outer layers of skin, usually on the face to treat fine lines, sun damaged skin, acne scars, and uneven skin tone.
Dermal Filler - Dermal or sometimes called soft injectable fillers, are gel-like substances that are injected to have smooth skin and fuller appearance in the face.
Dermatitis - A specific term used to describe skin inflammation or irritation.
Dermatologist - A medical practitioner who specialises in treating skin, hair and nail related diseases, addressing cosmetic concerns.
Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra (DPN) - Black or dark brown papules (bumps or growth) on the face and neck.
Derma Rollers - An instrument used for improving pigmentation issues and improving the surface of the skin.
Dermis - It is the middle layer of skin, beneath the epidermis and above the subcutaneous layer.
Desquamation Process - Commonly known as skin peeling is the natural process in which the top layer (outermost membrane) of the skin peels to replace itself.
Down Syndrome - A genetic chromosome disorder causing developmental and intellectual delays in a person.
Dysport - An injection used for facial wrinkles and other conditions.
E
Eccrine Glands - Sweat glands, which is controlled by the nervous system and regulates body temperature.
Eczema - A condition (also known as Atopic dermatitis) in which the skin becomes extremely itchy, dry, rough, flaky, and irritated.
Elastin - It is a critical extracellular matrix skin protein which provides stretch, recoil, and elasticity to the skin.
Electrosurgery - A procedure to remove a wart using heat from electricity.
Emollient - A substance that helps soothe dry, rough, flakey skin.
Endocrine Disorder - Hormone levels are too high or too low, gland produces too much or too little of an endocrine hormone.
Energy-Based Therapy - Healing techniques that treat the mind and body using light, sound, and magnets.
Epidermis - The outermost layer of skin on your body.
Estrogen - A group of female hormones that play an important role in the characteristics and reproductive development of women. There are three types of estrogen: estrone, estradiol, and estriol.
Excision - A surgical procedure used to remove suspicious growths, such as moles, lesions, tumors, and lumps from the skin.
F
Facial Osmosis - A collagen production facial technique that targets specific skin conditions such as acne, ageing and rosacea.
Fatty Acids - These are directly from food sources and help regulate the immune system and central nervous system of the body.
Filiform Warts - Small, long and narrow warts usually located on the eyelids, face, neck, or lips.
Flaccid Paralysis - A neurological condition causing weakness or paralysis in older patients.
Free Radicals - Free radicals are formed naturally in the body as oxygen-containing molecules with an irregular combination of electrons that can damage cells, causing illness and ageing.
FUE (Follicular Unit Extraction) - A hair restoration process also known as a hair transplant.
G
Glabellar Lines - These are horizontal indentation lines that stretch across the forehead.
Gluteal Fold or Banana Fold - A prominent fold separating the thighs from the buttock.
Glycine, L-cysteine, and L-glutamate - Three types of amino acids, work as powerful antioxidants and promote detoxification of the body.
Glycolic Acid - A type of alpha hydroxy acid that exfoliates the skin by dissolving dead skin cells and oil.
H
Haemangiomas - A collection of small blood vessels that form a lump under the skin, commonly seen in infants.
Hair Transplant - Process of restoring or moving hair to a bald or scanty area of head. Usually hair from the back or side of the head is moved to the top or front of the head through a surgical procedure.
Hay Fever - An allergic reaction to pollens, dust mites which may cause sneezing, watery and itchy eyes.
Hemochromatosis - A disorder where the body absorbs or stores too much iron.
HIFU - A high-intensity focused ultrasound aesthetic medical treatment, which is used for skin tightening and improves skin laxity and sagging. It also helps in stimulating new collagen formation.
High Glycemic Index - A health condition in which foods containing carbohydrates increase blood sugar levels.
Hirsutism - A condition in women in which coarse hair grows on their face, neck, chest, tummy, lower back, buttocks or thighs.
Hives - A skin reaction that causes severe skin rash because of foods, medication, climate change and stress.
Hormonal Changes - A condition in which hormones rise and drop below normal levels in the body. Common symptoms include mood swings, excess weight gain and skin issues.
Human Papillomavirus - A common virus that affects different parts of the body, particularly the reproductive tract.
Humectant - A moisturising agent commonly found in body moisturisers, hair products, and cosmetics.
Hyaluronic Acid - A naturally occurring substance in the body, serves as a cushion and natural lubricant in the joints and other tissues. Nowadays, hyaluronic acid comes in injectable form and is used for medical and cosmetic purposes.
Hydroquinone - A skin-lightening chemical used in the treatment of hyperpigmentation and other skin discolouration.
Hydroxy Acid - Also known as Alpha-hydroxy acid (AHAs), a group of plant and animal-derived acids widely used in cosmetics and skincare products.
Hyperhidrosis - A common condition in which a person sweats excessively but not because of body heat or exercise.
Hyperhidrosis Plantar - Excessive sweating on palms and soles.
Hyperpigmentation - Darkening of skin or nails due to excessive melanin production in or any other medical condition.
Hypertension - A cardiovascular condition in which the blood pressure is too high.
Hyperthyroidism - Also called overactive thyroid is when thyroid gland produces too much thyroxine hormones than the body actually needs.
Hypertrophic - Hypertrophic scars which appear after deep skin injury, surgical procedure or burns.
Hypopigmentation - Also known as Vitiligo. A loss of skin colour due to genetics in which patches of skin become lighter than the overall skin tone.
I
Immunosuppressants - Drugs that suppress, or reduce, the strength of the body's immune system.
Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) - A growth hormone that helps promote normal bone and tissue growth.
Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) - A non-invasive and flash-lamp therapy treatment to improve skin texture and remove unwanted hair.
K
Keloid - An enlarged, overgrown, raised and lumpy scar which can be pink, red, skin-coloured or darker, it normally occurs where the skin has healed after an injury.
Keratin - It is a type of protective protein that maintains the overall structure and well being of hair, nails and skin. Nowadays Keratin supplements, products and treatments are widely used to make the skin and hair look healthier.
Keratinocytes Fibroblasts - Keratinocytes (EK) and Dermal Fibroblasts (DF) are the main cellular components of the epidermis and dermis that help attach the skin to the bone and muscle below. These are critical for skin repair after an injury.
Kojic Acid - A bleaching chemical that lightens the skin and reduces sun damage and scars.
Kybella - An injectable treatment which targets fat cells beneath the chin, thus reducing the appearance of a double chin.
L
Lactic Acid - It is mainly produced in muscle cells and red blood cells and forms when the body breaks carbohydrates and uses it in the form of energy during intense workout.
Laser Hair Removal - A hair reduction or removal process to remove unwanted hair on the face and body.
Laser Lipolysis - A type of cosmetic surgery to remove fat from under the skin.
Laser Skin Resurfacing - A laser beam skin treatment to improve the damaged outer layer of the skin (epidermis).
Laser Treatment - Usage of special light beams instead of instruments for surgical procedures.
Lateral Canthal Lines - These are also called crow’s feet or smile lines that occur as dynamic wrinkles due to muscle contraction at the lateral or temporal sides of the eyes.
Laxity - A natural aging process in which the skin loses its firmness and structure and starts to sag. Mostly due to loss of collagen, elastin fibers, and hyaluronic acid.
Linoleic Acid - It is a polyunsaturated essential fatty acid found in vegetable oil, nuts, and seeds.
Lipids - They are the structural component of the cell membranes and provide energy and produce hormones in the body.
Lipolytic Injections - A non-surgical fat reduction procedure. It involves a series of micro-injections aimed at destroying fat cells.
Low-Level Laser Therapy - A form of laser medicine in which low-level lasers are used as a physical therapy to treat pain, inflammation and stimulate healing.
Lymphatics - Blood vessels and nodes that manage fluid levels in the body. It is part of the immune system.
Lymphatic Massage - A type of massage therapy that may help to relieve swelling that occurs or illness that blocks the lymphatic system.
Lymphatic System - The system keeps body fluid levels in balance and defends the body against infections and strengthens the immune system. It is a network of organs, lymph nodes, lymph ducts, and lymph vessels.
M
Mandelic Acid - A type of gentle alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) helps reduce acne, fine lines, and wrinkles, best suited for sensitive skin.
Mechanical Exfoliants - Physical devices used to exfoliate the skin mechanically and remove damaged and dead cells.
Medi-Facials - These are specific and customised facials consisting of advanced technology and scientific ingredients. They are different from the usual salon facials and one needs to reach out to a dermatologist to find the most suited facial treatment as per their skin tone.
Melanin - It is a natural skin pigment found in hair, skin, and eye colour.
Melanocytes - Melanin-producing cells located at the deepest part of the epidermis skin layer.
Melasma - A common skin or pigmentation disorder in which brown or grey-brown patches appear on the face. This is predominantly found in women mainly due to hormonal changes, pregnancy or sun exposure.
Menopause - This phase occurs when a woman stops menstruating, it's a natural biological process, which marks the end of female reproduction. It can happen in the mid 40s or early 50s. Females experience symptoms such as hot flashes, low sex drive, night sweats, vaginal dryness and moodiness.
Mesotherapy - Also known as biorejuvenation or biorevitalization, Mestotherapy is a non-surgical technique to tighten the skin with the use of transdermal injections containing vitamins, enzymes, hormones and plant extracts of the epidermis skin layer.
Metabolic Disorders - Genetic conditions in which the metabolism process in the body fails or drops drastically, leading to nutritional deficiencies.
Micellar Water - A skincare product that helps remove makeup, cleans and tones the skin.
Microcrystal - An exfoliation process which improves microcirculation of the skin and accelerates the synthesis of collagen and elastin.
Microdermabrasion - A minimal non-invasive cosmetic procedure to treat uneven skin texture and signs of aging.
Microneedling - A minimally invasive cosmetic procedure and skin treatment that is used to heal skin scars and marks. Also known as collagen stimulation therapy, this treatment includes usage of miniature, sterilised needles into the skin.
Microneedling Radiofrequency - A minimally invasive treatment to reduce the appearance of wrinkles, scarring, and sagging skin.
Minoxidil - A solution applied to stimulate hair growth and treat hair loss-related problems.
Mosaic-Type Plantar - Clusters of warts that mostly develop on the bottoms of the feet.
Myrmecia-Type Plantar - Deep and painful plantar warts caused by the human papillomavirus.
N
Nano Infusion - A nano-needling facial in the skin to infuse serum.
Nanoneedles - The nanoneedles are made from biodegradable silicons that are able to penetrate the plasma membrane with minimal disruption of normal cellular functions.
Nasolabial Folds - Also known as indentation lines, folds or creases located on either side of the mouth’s outer side corners.
Nd:YAG - Nd:YAG or the neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser is a non-ablative laser that treats skin, eye, nail disorders, vascular conditions or diseases, also advised to people who require permanent hair and tattoo removal.
Neuromodulator - A messenger released from a neuron that affects the transmission of the signals between neurons.
Neurotoxins - A natural occurring substance that can be destructive to the central or peripheral nervous system.
Neurotransmitter - A chemical messenger released by neurons to transmit messages from nerve cells to target cells. These neurons communicate with each other throughout the body.
Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine - The most common neurotransmitter that functions in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It plays an important role in brain and muscle function.
Niacinamide - Also known as nicotinamide, a form of vitamin B-3 found in supplements, skin-care products, an essential nutrient to help build proteins in the skin.
Nitrates - It works by relaxing and dilating veins and arteries, and helps in treating Angina, a type of chest pain.
Non-Comedogenic - Skincare and makeup products that do not clog or block pores of the skin.
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) - Drugs that are used to treat pain, and reduce inflammation in the body.
Nutraceuticals - Functional foods, fortified foods or dietary supplements that provide health benefits. These are often sold or merchandised through wellness and traditional medicine industries.
O
Oleic Acid - A fatty acid that occurs naturally in various animal and vegetable fats and oils.
P
Palmitic Acid - A saturated fatty acid found in the principal constituent of refined palm oil and some animal products like meat and dairy.
PCOS - Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal imbalance mostly found in women during their reproductive years. The common symptoms include irregular menstrual cycle, excess body hair growth, acne, infertility, high testosterone levels, excess pigmentation and weight gain.
PDO Threads - Polydioxanone threads is a skin tightening and facial rejuvenation technique, while also encouraging collagen production in the treated areas. Dissolvable sutures are used in this treatment to tighten the sagging skin.
Perimenopause - Also known as menopause transition, it's a process when the body starts transitioning towards menopause and produces less estrogen, a female hormone produced by the ovaries. This phase may last for months or years, they vary from case to case basis. Common symptoms include mood swings, hot flashes, sleep disturbances and irregular periods.
Pernio - Also known as chilblains or perniosis, it is a cold-induced condition which leads to small patches of inflamed skin after exposure to very cold temperatures.
Phenol - A type of chemical peel to address severe sun damage, wrinkles, fine lines, freckles, discoloration and acne scars.
Photo Damaged - Skin damage due to over exposure to harmful UV rays.
Photochemotherapy - A type of ultraviolet radiation therapy used to treat severe skin diseases.
Photofacial - A light-based skin technology treatment to improve the texture of the skin and treat sun damage, rosacea, hyperpigmentation, and more.
Photoprotective - Preventive measures taken to avoid excess sunlight/UV exposure. Basically use of sun-protective products to protect the skin from the harmful UV rays.
Photorejuvenation - A skin treatment that uses lasers, intense pulsed light (IPL) or photodynamic therapy to reduce and treat rosacea, fine lines and wrinkles, sun damage, large pores, pigmentation, and age spots.
Pigmentation - It occurs due to excess generation of melanin by the skin, which impacts the colour of the skin, making it look darker and uneven.
Plantar - An inflammation which causes pain in the bottom of the heels.
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Treatment For Hair Loss - A medical treatment in which platelet-rich plasma is injected into the scalp to push natural hair growth and enhance blood supply to the hair follicles. This treatment usually requires 4 to 6 weeks.
Poly-L-lactic Acid - Dermal fillers injected into the face to stimulate collagen formation.
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) - Injectable fillers to treat nasolabial folds, and smile lines.
Polyphenol - A compound containing more than one phenolic hydroxyl group. These compounds are found in many plant foods that include flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, and stilbenes.
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation - Also known as hypermelanosis, in which brown or black spots occur on the skin.
Postmenopause - It is defined as the phase after the menopause, when the period stops completely for a year. At this stage, the menopausal symptoms gradually disappear over a period of time.
Precancerous - Abnormal cells that show abnormal changes in the body but have not developed into complete cancer cells. It is a very treatable condition.
Progesterone - It is a hormone produced by a woman's ovaries and plays an important role in maintaining pregnancy and regulating the monthly menstrual cycle.
Pulsed-Dye Laser - A laser light treatment that targets blood vessels and helps treat Vascular lesions, and remove birthmarks.
Pustules - Small bumps, pimples on the skin that contain fluid or pus.
Q
Q-Switched YAG (QSY) Lasers - A skin laser treatment process which removes pigmentation, tattoos, and improves skin tone and texture.
R
Radiofrequency - Electromagnetic radio waves used to treat skin laxity, wrinkles, and acnes.
Raynaud’s Disease - The fingers and toes become extremely numb due to cold temperatures or stress.
Red Light Therapy - In this procedure, red low-level wavelengths of light is used to wrinkles, redness, acne, scars and other signs of ageing.
Retinoic Acid - Used to prevent and treat photoaged skin and psoriasis, it is produced from vitamin A (retinol).
Retinoids - These are chemical compounds derived from vitamin A and are used in the treatment of skin ageing.
Retinol Rash - An allergic reaction to retinol in which the skin turns red, irritated, flaky and dry.
Rosacea - A long-term inflammatory skin condition that causes red skin and rash and affects facial skin. Other symptoms include flushing, visible blood vessels and thickened skin.
S
Salicylic Acid - A keratolytic medication, used to reduce and treat skin disorders, such as acne, dandruff, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis of the skin and hair scalp.
Scalpel - A surgical instrument used to remove warts.
Sclerotherapy - It is a form of treatment wherein medicine is injected into blood vessels or lymph vessels that causes them to shrink. It effectively treats or eliminates varicose and spider veins.
Sebaceous Cells - Exocrine glands in the skin that produce an oily or waxy substance called Sebum. These glands are normally found on the face, scalp, chest, and back.
Sebaceous Nevi - A congenital skin lesion that usually appears on the scalp and very rarely on the skin.
Sebum - An oily substance secreted from the sebaceous glands in the skin.
Skin Cancer - Growth of abnormal cells in the epidermis, the outer layer of skin. Most likely it happens due to skin being exposed to the sun.
Skin Retraction - Loose and sagging skin that will not retract after a cosmetic procedure.
Soy And Licorice Extracts - Herbal supplements which helps improve hyperpigmentation.
Stearic Acid - One of the most common fatty acids found in various plants and animal fats.
Subcutaneous - Insertion of medications through injections beneath the skin, into the fatty tissues. Mainly insulin for diabetics, blood thinners, and fertility drugs. This is done by pinching the fatty area about 2-inches thick in between the thumb and a finger.
Sunburn - Skin damage due to overexposure to ultraviolet rays from the sun. Skin can become red, swollen and sometimes painful.
Superficial Radiation - A beam of low-energy x-rays used to treat non-melanoma skin cancers. In this process, the radiation doesn't travel far into the body, just close to the skin surface.
T
Tartaric Acid - It works both as an antioxidant and alpha hydroxy acid and is used to reduce fine lines and wrinkles, and visible signs of ageing.
Testosterone - It is an androgen which plays a key role in the development of male reproductive system.
Thread Veins - Blue, purple, or red blood vessels that are clearly visible through the skin.
Titanium Oxide - An inorganic chemical compound of titanium and oxygen, which is commonly used in cosmetics, sunscreens.
Trichloroacetic - Trichloroacetic acid is an analogue of acetic acid effectively used for treating wrinkles and deep blemishes.
Tripeptide - A peptide derived from three amino acid molecules joined together by two or at times three peptide bonds.
U
Ultherapy - A non-surgical cosmetic treatment used to tighten the skin of the face and neck.
Ultrasound In Radiofrequency - A safe and effective cosmetic treatment modality for body contouring.
V
Vacuum Suction - Also known as cupping, it is a non-invasive treatment to reduce fat, and relax the muscles.
Vampire Facial - A micro needling cosmetic procedure using platelet rich plasma to heal and repair, treating all types of skin issues.
Vascular Lesions - Patches of blood vessels (usually seen as bluish or red) that have ruptured under the skin - spider veins, port wine stains, hemangiomas and broken capillaries, more commonly known as birthmarks.
W
Wave Therapy - A safe treatment for men to treat erectile dysfunction.
Whiteheads - A type of acne or small white bumps that appear when pores become clogged with excess oil, bacteria, and dead skin cells.
X
Xeomin - A prescribed injection or botox used to improve wrinkles and frown lines.
Z
Zinc Oxide - Inorganic compound also known as Calamine or Zinc White used to treat or prevent minor skin irritations.
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